Drought

This discussion  paper  summarizes  the  results  and  implications  of  a  study  commissioned  by  the  World  Bank  to  conduct  a  rapid  assessment  of  the  state  of  private  water  tanker  supply  systems  in  two  Yemeni  cities,  Sana’a  and  Aden.  The  study  emanated  from  the  World  Bank’s  Water,  Sanitation,  and  Health  (WASH)  Poverty  Diagnostic  for  the  Republic  of  Yemen,  which  identified  serious  gaps  in  access  to  basic  water  and  sanitation  services  (World  Bank  2017).  A  combination  of  poverty,  water  scarcit

Fragility has become the reality in several countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Armed conflict and forced displacement are taking an enormous toll on human lives, with the region accounting for about 60 percent of the estimated global total of battle-related casualties since the turn of the millennium. The fragility of these countries compound the region's water problems.

Effective menstrual management is essential for the mental and physical well-being of women. However, many women in low-income countries lack access to the materials and facilities required. They are thus restricted in their activities whilst menstruating thus compromising their education, income and domestic responsibilities. The paper aims to discuss these issues. This study describes the menstrual management challenges faced by women in an emergency situation in Uganda.

Emergency water trucking (EWT) is typically a short-term, life-saving intervention that is used to cover interruptions in water service or access to sufficient quantities of water to meet survival requirements. While playing a legitimate part in response when used appropriately, emergency water trucking often plays a very different role, as a coping mechanism in the daily lives of a large percentage of the population. EWT has become an almost yearly humanitarian intervention among aid organizations.

This background paper focuses on supporting sustainable, equitable and resilient water services over the short and long term during protracted crises and for post-crisis reconstruction in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). It was found that more evidence is needed on coordinating and phasing different modes of support to ensure sustainable and resilienct urban drinking water services, water resources need systematic treatment in preparations for reconstruction, and more attention needs to be paid to the political dimensions of water in protracted crises and reconstruction.